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手机厂商最委屈时刻：刚到手就被你套上10块钱手机壳_我的网站

一 |     你下周要参与一个团队的集体展演活动。虽然你不会像刘星那样，要把“这玩意儿染成绿的”，但你也准备去理发店稍微捯饬一下头发。    When describing his Middle East trip goals in a Washington Post op-ed, US President Joe Biden said he was embarking on a journey to conduct diplomacy and work in order to normalize relations between Israel and the Arab world, particularly by making sure that the Israeli-Palestinian peace process continues.,However, many critics begged to differ, mainly because of the background behind his first presidential trip to the Middle East. Biden's trip came amid severe economic hardships at home, which a handful of other Western countries are facing as well. With energy prices soaring, one of the main objectives of the US president was to persuade Saudi Arabia to boost oil production in the hopes of curbing prices.,It brought little results, as Riyadh made it clear it could only boost production from 10 to 13 million barrels per day and no more. On top of that, it created an impression among some observers that Biden, in fact, only came to Middle East because he was compelled to sort out US economic grievances, rather than to promote peace and prosperity.,With respect to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Biden and the Saudi Arabian leadership reaffirmed their commitment to a two-state solution "along the 1967 lines". However, the US president asserted that the "ground is not ripe" to restart the talks between the two sides, and neither he demanded a settlement freeze from Israeli PM Yair Lapid when the two met in Jerusalem.,As put by Waleed al-Modallal, professor of political science at Gaza’s Islamic University, it's nothing but "repeated slogans" that are not in fact aimed at resolving the long-standing issue.,"I don't think the American side will practice any sort of pressure on the Israeli side, and everybody knows that," Al-Modallal says. "I think this visit is not to refresh the negotiations between Palestinians and Israelis. [...] It comes to solve the economic problem of Americans. That's all.",The professor pointed out that in reality, there is no political will in Israel to go back to the two-state solution negotiations. Moreover, he continued, there is "no chance" for such a solution, as the majority of the land that the Palestinians consider theirs is occupied by Israeli settlers.,The words of Palestinian President Mahmood Abbas about how this might have been one of "the last chances" for a two-state solution, are essentially a mantra that he has been repeating for a long time, Al-Modallal argues.,"It's repeated words from the American president and from the Palestinian president as well," he says, saying that the so-called "regional solution" is being shifted to the responsibility of Arabs, "and Israel would not pay any price regarding the land, regarding the Palestinians' protection or any other things.",Despite the US' declared position on Palestinians and funds that are coming from Washington to support them, the Biden administration still fails to "touch the core of the issue", which is "political, not economic or humanitarian," Al-Modallal explains.,"It's the easiest solution for Americans to give such gifts," he says.,With little hope for Washington to actually do something meaningful regarding the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, it seems that few Palestinians are taking Biden and his visit, particularly his meeting with Abbas, seriously.,"[This] visit comes to support Israelis and the normalization in the region as well as to solve the problem of power, which touches the American and international economy. That's it. It's not to renew or re-enhance Palestinian-Israeli negotiations. We all know that," the professor concludes.。

二 | 精心折腾了一番发型之后，你突然接到通知：展演活动需要佩戴帽子。                             这听起来就像是现在手机厂商的处境：花了大功夫设计手机背板，但卖出才一秒，就被用户塞进了10块钱的、不透明的手机壳里。                   尽管厂商知道这个现实，但依然愿意花大量时间研究背板材料、颜色、纹理，甚至为了一个看起来“不一样”的后盖投入巨额成本。                   因为手机背板的设计，从来不只是“给别人看的装饰”。

三 |                    有些“巧妙设计”，其实是不得已为之                    在早些年间，背板设计首先面对的并不是“漂亮”，而是一个更基础的问题：怎么让这块外壳不影响手机工作。                   2014年，iPhone 6正式发布，引发了一场激烈的美丑讨论。在这其中，有一个设计可谓是“公认的丑”——背面有两条格外显眼的白色横线，一条贴在顶部，一条贴在底部，横贯整块铝合金机身。这设计看起来就像是被人拿粉笔划了两道。                   iPhone 6的外观丨apple.com               然而这几条“丑线”，正是决定iPhone 6是一部手机还是一块板砖的关键所在。                   iPhone 6用的是一体成型的铝合金机身，好看、结实，但有一个致命的副作用：整块连续的金属，几乎会把手机内部的信号完全罩死。唯一的解法，就是在机身上切出几道物理缝隙，填进不导电的塑料，给信号硬生生"抠"出几个能钻出去的窗口。

四 |                    图丨参考资料[1]                    其实这些线条至今依然存在于金属背板的手机中，只不过厂商们把它“藏”得越来越深了。                   比如iPhone 17 Pro再次使用了一体化铝合金金属机身，但仔细看手机的侧面背面，依然能看到两条线，上侧的线甚至围绕着整个摄像头模组。

五 |                    iPhone 17 Pro的机身，可以看到上下有两条线丨apple.com                    华为的全金属机身手机Mate 80 Pro Max也是巧妙地将天线藏在了中框与背板衔接的位置，平衡了美观和实用。                   仍然留有给信号的逃生出口丨huawei.com                    面对给信号“开窗”的难题，手机厂商们算是熟能生巧了。

六 | 但很快，新的挑战出现——无线充电。                   无线充电：金属，不行                    如果说信号问题逼着工程师在金属上“画了几条线”，那么把“背板能不能用金属”这道题摆到台面上的，是2017年前后逐渐普及的无线充电。

七 |                    无线充电靠的是充电板和手机内部线圈之间的磁场感应，这种感应可以让手机机身内部的线圈产生电流，从而为手机电池充电。这个内部的线圈通常就贴在背板正下方。

八 |                    贴着手机背板的线圈丨erry Hildenbrand / Android Central                    金属材料会严重影响手机的无线充电功能。

九 | 金属背板在磁场的作用下，内部会激起一圈圈涡流，一方面金属阻碍了内部线圈电流的产生，另一方面还会产生大量的热。简单点说，这块无线充电板，相当于变成了电磁炉，而置身板上的手机，就成了炒锅。                   任何金属机身的手机都需要面对这个问题。                   Google在2020年推出Pixel 5时，明明主打的是一整块铝合金背板，却不得不在正中间硬生生挖出一个圆孔，塞进充电线圈，外面再盖一层染成金属色的塑料伪装——远看是一整块金属，其实那块圆形区域的材质早已经悄悄换了。                   时至今日，iPhone 17 Pro依然是把背板的下部分挖空换成一块玻璃，为的也是无线充电功能可以正常使用。                   Pixel 5的背板丨yahoo/三嘻行動哇               不过既然这么麻烦，为啥不直接都用玻璃背板得了呢？                    事实上，玻璃确实解决了不少问题，也成为如今旗舰手机最常见的选择之一。                   但如果手机背板只需要解决无线充电，那事情反而简单了。真正困难的是：背板还要同时满足更多互相冲突的需求，无线充电只是其中之一。                   背板，好看只是最后一步                    手机背板其实像一道综合题：既要让天线正常工作，又要支持无线充电；既希望轻，又希望坚固；既想散热好，又希望摸起来高级；还要在第一眼就让消费者觉得“这是一部值得买的手机”。

十 |                    比如2016年小米推出小米Mix时，全陶瓷背板就引起了极大的关注。

十一 | 在温润的手感和美丽的光泽下，是机身重量高达209克的代价。

十二 | 这放在当时可以说是“相当有分量”的手机了。

十三 |                    陶瓷背板的小米Mix丨mi.com                    而苹果在iPhone 15 Pro发布时大力宣传的“钛金属”，如今也不再被提起。当时的钛金属中框+玻璃背板的设计为手机带来了更轻盈的手感。                   主打钛金属机身的iPhone 15 Pro丨apple.com                    不过如今，铝合金又取而代之，这其中关键的原因之一就是铝合金的导热性更好，这让手机在运行时可以更高效地散热。                   不过万事没有完美，可别忘了iPhone 17 Pro发布后，多少人的新手机没用两天就出现严重的划痕和凹陷了。这是因为铝金属材料本身偏软，在受到冲击时更容易留下划痕。                             除了玻璃、金属和陶瓷，厂商们也曾经试图让背板承担更多功能——甚至让它成为用户表达个性的方式。                   比如一加手机。2014年，一加在首款手机OnePlus One上提出了一个大胆的设想：除了默认的砂岩黑背壳，用户还可以自行更换个性化材质的背板，比如牛仔布、竹木，甚至凯夫拉纤维。这个名为“StyleSwap”的项目，在当时被不少媒体形容为“终于有人把手机背板当成一件可以换季的衣服来做”。

十四 |                    但这场野心勃勃的实验，在量产过程中遇到了技术难题——大部分成品质量都不合格。最终，一加只上架了少量达到质量标准的个性化后盖。                   设想很美好，现实很残酷                    如今，厂商们也依然在背板的设计上苦思冥想。                   但对于手机厂商来说，背板还是最重要的“第一印象”之一。消费者第一次被一款手机吸引，往往不是因为它的散热性能或者天线设计，而是因为它看起来与众不同；手机壳是在买回来之后才套上的，而购买决定往往发生在此之前。当手机的形态从千变万化到如今的近乎统一，也许背板是最好的呈现差异化的舞台。

十五 |                    如果有一天，个性化的背板设计可以真的到来，你的选择又会是什么？是可以为了手感牺牲轻薄，还是可以为了散热牺牲美观？                    又或者，像大多数人一样，在买回来的第一天就套上手机壳——反正对于手机厂商来说，一块背板承载的，从来不只是外观。                   参考资料          [1]https://www.businessinsider.com/iphone-antenna-lines-explained-2015-10                    作者：普拉斯G          编辑：李小葵。

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Published on:04:00:39